顺丁烯二酸酐，又名马来酸酐或失水苹果酸酐，常简称顺酐。分子式为C4H2O3，分子量为98.06。无色结晶，有强烈刺激气味，凝固点52.8℃，沸点202℃，易升华。主要由苯或碳四馏分中的正丁烷或丁烯氧化而制得，是生产不饱和聚酯及有机合成的原料。
Maleic anhydride, also known as maleic anhydride or dehydrated malic anhydride, is often referred to as maleic anhydride. The molecular formula is c4h2o3 and the molecular weight is 98.06. Colorless crystal, strong pungent smell, freezing point 52.8 ℃, boiling point 202 ℃, easy sublimation. It is mainly prepared by oxidation of n-butane or butene in benzene or C4 fraction. It is the raw material for the production of unsaturated polyester and organic synthesis.
性质与稳定性
Properties and stability
1.避免接触潮湿空气。避免与强氧化剂、强还原剂、强酸、强碱、碱金属、水接触。
1. Avoid contact with humid air. Avoid contact with strong oxidant, strong reducing agent, strong acid, strong alkali, alkali metal and water.
斜方晶系无色针状或片状结晶体。溶于水生成顺丁烯二酸。溶于乙醇并生成酯。
Orthorhombic crystal is colorless acicular or flaky crystal. It is soluble in water to form maleic acid. It dissolves in ethanol and forms ester.
溶于乙醇、乙醚等多种有机溶剂，难溶于石油醚和四氯化碳。与热水作用生成顺丁烯二酸。易于烯类单体进行共聚反应；也可进行均聚。与二元醇反应生成线型不饱和聚酯，与三氧化硫反应生成磺化顺丁烯二酸酐。可燃。有毒，溅及皮肤时要用大量清水冲洗。生产设备要密闭，操作人员要穿戴好防护用具。
It is soluble in ethanol, ether and other organic solvents, but insoluble in petroleum ether and carbon tetrachloride. It reacts with hot water to form maleic acid. It is easy to carry out copolymerization of olefin monomers and homopolymerization. Linear unsaturated polyester was formed by reaction with diols, and sulfonated maleic anhydride was formed by reaction with sulfur trioxide. Combustible. Toxic. Wash with plenty of water when splashing on skin. The production equipment should be sealed and the operators should wear protective equipment.
2.本品有毒。其毒性比顺酸大，能刺激皮肤及黏膜。当人体接触高温液体时，其刺激性更为严重，能造成皮肤灼烧伤，结膜、角膜红肿，严重时导致视力减退甚失明。对大鼠经服LD50为400mg/kg。小鼠经口LD5060~465mg/kg。当溅及皮肤时要用大量清水冲洗。生产设备要密闭，操作人员要穿戴好防护用具。
2. This product is poisonous. It is more toxic than CIS acid and can stimulate skin and mucous membrane. When the human body is exposed to high temperature liquid, its irritation is more serious, which can cause skin burn to injury, conjunctiva, corneal redness and swelling, and even lead to vision loss or blindness. The LD50 of rats was 400 mg / kg. Ld5060 ~ 465mg / kg by oral administration in mice. When splashing on the skin, rinse with plenty of water. The production equipment should be sealed and the operators should wear protective equipment.
3.存在于烟气中。
3. Exist in flue gas.
4.强烈的刺激性，引起烧伤，吸入可引起肺水肿。
4. Strong irritation, cause burns, inhalation can cause pulmonary edema.
